Wall street

1概述(Summary)

It runs east from Broadway to South Street on the East River , through the historical center of the Financial District . It is the first permanent home of the New York Stock Exchange ; over time Wall Street became the name of the surrounding geographic neighborhood. Wall Street is also shorthand for the "influential financial interests" of the American financial industry, which is centered in the New York City area. Several major US stock and other exchanges remain headquartered on Wall Street and in the Financial District, including the NYSE , NASDAQ , AMEX , NYMEX , and NYBOT .

華爾街是一個街頭曼哈頓下城，紐約市，紐約，美國。它運行向東從百老匯到南街的東河，通過歷史中心金融區。這是第一個永久的家，紐約證券交易所，超過時間成為華爾街附近周圍的地理名稱。華爾街也是簡寫的“影響力的金融利益”的美國金融產業，是區域中心在紐約市。[2]幾個主要的美國股票和其他交易所仍設在華爾街和金融區，包括紐約證券交易所，納斯達克，美國證券交易所，紐約商品交易所和紐約期貨交易所。

2 歷史(History)

The name of the street derives from the 17th century when Wall Street formed the northern boundary of the New Amsterdam settlement. In the 1640s basic picket（原木）and plank fences（木板圍墻）denoted（記為）residences（居留）in the colony. Later, on behalf of the Dutch West India Company, in part using African slaves, the Dutch led in the construction of a stronger stockade.（寨子）There was a strengthened 4 meters wall against attack from various Native American tribes（美[tra?b]）. In 1685 surveyors laid out Wall Street along the lines of the original stockade(寨子). The wall was dismantled （美[d?s'm?ntl]）by the British colonial government in 1699. In the late 18th century, there was a buttonwood（梧桐）tree at the foot of Wall Street under which traders and speculators(投機商，美['sp?kj?,let?]) would gather to trade informally. In 1792, the traders formalized（使…成為正式；使具有一定形式，美['f?rm?,la?z]）their association with the Buttonwood Agreement. This was the origin of the New York Stock Exchange. In 1789, Federal Hall and Wall Street was the scene of the United States' first presidential inauguration （美[?n,?ɡj?'re??n]）. George Washington took the oath of office(宣誓就職) on the balcony of Federal Hall overlooking Wall Street on April 30, 1789. This was also the location of the passing of the Bill Of Rights. In 1889, the original stock report, Customers' Afternoon Letter, became The Wall Street Journal（華爾街日報）, named in reference to（參照）the actual street, it is now an influential international daily business newspaper published in New York City.

該街道的名稱源自17世紀時，華爾街形成了北部邊界的新阿姆斯特丹定居。在17世紀40年代在殖民地用原木和木板圍墻勉強作為住宅。后來，以荷蘭西印度公司，荷蘭人，部分使用非洲奴隸，建立了一個更堅固的寨子。有一個加強4米壁抵御來自不同部落的印第安人攻擊。 1685年測量師沿原寨子奠定了華爾街。墻被英國殖民政府于1699年被拆除。在18世紀末期，在街墻的腳下有梧桐樹,交易商和投機商將聚集到一起進行非正式交易。 1792年，他們的交易商協會正式達成梧桐樹協議。這是最初的紐約證券交易所。 1789年，聯邦大廳和華爾街就職典禮現場是美國首任總統。喬治華盛頓還對聯邦大廳俯瞰1789年4月30日華爾街陽臺上宣誓就職。這也是對人權法案的通過位置。 1889年，原來的庫存報告，客戶下午信，成為華爾街日報，名字參照的實際的街道的名字，現在是一個在紐約市出版有影響力的國際日常商業報。

3 衰落與復興(Decline and revitalization)